Periodic Classification of Elements

Occasional Classification of Elements Classification of Elements as indicated by electron arrangement ( kind of subshell being filled) *valence electrons â€outer electrons of molecule which are those associated with compound holding ; represents likenesses in synthetic conduct among elemens inside every one of this gatherings * Representative components/Main Group components * Group 1A-7A * Incompletely filled s/p subshells Display a wide scope of physical and concoction properties * Most responsive and generally unsurprising as for intermittent properties * most bountiful components on the earth, in the close planetary system, and known to mankind * Group number equivalents the quantity of electrons in the most noteworthy/furthest vitality level Hâ â â 1s1| Liâ â â 2s1| Naâ â â 3s1| * Noble Gases * Group 8A * Completely filled p subshell (exc. He) * Great dependability * Except krypton and xenon, components in respectable gases are absolutely inactive synthetically * The honorable gases are completely found in minute amounts in the environment, and are separated by partial refining of fluid air. helium| 1s2| neon| [He]2s22p6| argon| [Ne]3s23p6| * Transition Metals * Group 1B and 3B-8B * Incompletely filled d subshells * Readily produce cations * flexible and moldable, and lead power and warmth * show a few normal oxidation states * Less unsurprising properties * 2B (Zinc, Mercury and so on )- neither delegate components nor change metals * Transition metal mixes areâ paramagneticâ when they have at least one unpairedâ dâ electrons. Sc 4s23d1| Ti 4s23d2| V 4s23d3| * Inner Transition Metals Lanthanides/uncommon earth arrangement Follow lanthanum Actinides-follow actinium; a large portion of these components are not found in nature yet have been combined * Incompletely filled f subshells * Cerium: 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p66s24f2 Praseodymium:1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p66s24f3 Electron Configurations of Cations and Anions Ions got from Representative Elements Cation-electrons expelled Anion-electrons included Isoelectronic †particles or iotas and particles that have a similar number of electrons, and consequently a similar ground state electron setup Cations got from progress Metals Prepared By: Monina Te

ROI social commerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

return for capital invested social trade - Essay Example In the advanced business condition, web based life gives an extraordinary chance to trade in view of the huge crowds that this media draws. In any case, business associations think about how to decide the profits from putting resources into web-based social networking given that it doesn't give direct returns like the other known types of venture. In reality, the advantages gathered from putting resources into online networking could be resolved and this paper looks to expound on the most proficient method to make this accomplishment. The Big Five †Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube and Pinterest - as alluded to as by Marsden and Chaney (2012) give deals openings in the rising social economy. Social business has progressively been embraced by associations to contact more extensive market inclusion all the more adequately. Griffin (2009) alludes to such a system as social business which the researcher characterizes as tackling the intelligence of numerous from the Internet to h elp customers in finding and purchasing items and administrations. The main thrust behind this is the web based life, which can never again be considered as a trend yet a piece of today’s consumers’ day by day lives. ... The business viewpoint acknowledges the requirement for human mediation for a deal to happen (Clapperton, 2012). Progressively embraced by organizations’ deals arms, social business gives a basic online deals methodology for firms as clients look for quick item search devices. Instructions to Use Social Media in Social Commerce Having the web based life as the business apparatus and the incredible crowd that accompanies it would not be sufficient in aggregate. There must be compelling methodologies in which associations draw in this crowd through internet based life in order to change over the ordinary exercises on the media into open doors available to be purchased. This is a viewpoint that associations should be knowledgeable in as sooner rather than later, web based life would be so cherished in customary business correspondence and would just be gainful to those with viable change systems. The primary manner by which online networking would be utilized in social trade incl udes sharing. As indicated by Marsden and Chaney (2012), associations currently make sharable substance permitting clients to handily share connects on their items or significant site pages by setting catches that would empower the ‘like’ work for Facebook, ‘share by email’ or ‘Tweet’. Social sharing gives the capacity for clients to share content posted on the organization’s site to their social profiles. Also, it takes into account incorporation of remarks on the thing that has been shared. In this manner, social sharing gives a powerful method of driving traffic back to the organization’s site. Also, online life could be utilized as a powerful device to gather criticism through the evaluations and audits on items. While social sharing by overhearing people's conversations

Twelve Muslim Countries In Past And Present-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Examine About The Twelve Muslim Countries In Past And Present? Answer: Introducation The Sociology of Sharia: contextual analysis from around the globe has been altered by Adam Possamai, James t. Richardson and Bryan S. Turner, New York, Springer (Edited) 2015. The Sociology of Sharia: Case Studies from around the globe is a relative investigation of the different applications as opposed to the nations that has the Muslim minority and lion's share. It likewise gives a worldwide examination of Sharia and his perspectives on the Islamic law from the sociological point of view. It additionally investigates some earth shattering points of view that depends on the humanism of Sharia that has the utilizations of the speculations of Eisentadt and Chambliss. This book is an altered volume that has an assortment of papers that presents an examination in a similar manner on the advancement of the Sharia in the various nations that has the most extreme Muslim larger part. The nations that follows are Malaysia, Turkey, Tunisia and Bangladesh (Possamai, Richardson Turner, 2015). The book Sociology of Sharia gives a worldwide examination of the different significant legitimate changes and investigations the theme from the social point of view. This likewise investigates the instances of the Non Western nations that has the most extreme Muslim minority in their populace that additionally incorporates China, Singapore, South Africa and Philippines. In the third piece of the book the contextual investigation incorporates the different investigations from the earth shattering speculations of the humanism of Shariaa like the use of the Chambliss, Black and the points of view of Eisenstein. The Sociology of Sharia: Case concentrate from Around the World can be purchased in one pennant that incorporates 17 individual and similar investigation of the case covers a geopolitical degree in an astounding decent variety. This assorted variety is frequently drawn from the creators that has a scope of the different logical, social and expert skill. This version follows a bound together calculated system that is viewed as a lawful pluralism (Jan Michiel, 2016). This volume has been utilized by the manager and the legitimate pluralism alludes to the basic presence that can be found in at least one lawful framework. This legitimate pluralism requests a tremendous writing that should be created more than quite a few years that necessities to have an impressive discussion. The altered variant of this book are not in wording with the writing on the lawful pluralism. The editors of this book might be utilized with the idea of the legitimate pluralism that can be utilized as a surroundi ng gadget (Jan Michiel, 2016). The confining gadget that can be utilized by the manager is to bode well out of the volume article that has the idea of the political radicalism that can be found in the later works of John Rawl s (Kebede, 2016). This can be viewed as the work from where the editorial manager drew the thought or rather the idea of covering the agreement in the far reaching regulations. This covering of agreement alludes to such a situation, that has a steady liberal majority rule government in which the unmistakable gathering that has their own regularizing request that incorporates directing the immense parts of their life. There is a requirement for the attestation in the political origination of equity that depends on the rules that is drawn from the indispensable piece of the regularizing request. The possibility of Rawl that depends on the political origination of the equity that is the focal idea dependent on the covering accord that likewise alludes to the origination of unattached equity to t he far reaching principles (Jan Michiel, 2016). In numerous strict organizations there is a need to look for request on the followers good and political lives that has been made for a particular reason. The editors of the volume made an end that the vision of Rawl depends on the covering agreement of the diverse extensive conventions that will be hard to make it made sure about (Jan Michiel, 2016). In further building up the relations of the volumes in the 17 articles there is a requirement for the Rawlsian political progressivism and the lawful pluralism that requires atleast one volume in its own. The structure of the legitimate pluralism of the editors must be caught so as to get an assortment in the volumes of the articles. The Rawlsian took up the article on the volume that has an untimely idea that is more than the binding together string. The truth of the matter is that the article of the volume has examines that is excessively variegated so as to be summed up in a topical manner or in a gathering that should be under one methodological heading (Rosen, 2014). It is seen that every one of them could remain solitary. The articles that has been given must be pluralistic in their idea of the philosophy that necessities to force on any of the hypothetical points of view that can be reductive. Qualities and shortcoming The basic topics or the reference focuses in the Sociology of Shariaa: contextual investigation has not been pushed and the danger of the volume is that it leaves the perusers in an unsatisfied sense on the different assorted conceivable hypothetical methodologies (Bannerman, 2013). The sense need not be fulfilled in light of the fact that it can get the impression by perusing the volume without anyone else that has additionally contributed the researchers to never impart about their work rather what they did is submitted it through their works from other disciplinary. Turner and Richardson asserted that the sociological record of pluralism has different structures that establishes the speculations that has assisted with clarifying the shape and henceforth in the end even the course of ones future course needs to have such housing (Bowen, 2016). This can be viewed as a great point for the understudies to make a section into the contemporary Islamic law that might be useful for anybody to feel that the manner in which Islam is turning out should be very acquainted with the manner in which they create. Idea In the book there is a presentation of the lawful pluralism and Sharia that additionally remembers the three legitimate framework for one express that has the social union in a multi strict and multi ethnic way. The cutting edge law is considered as the conventional shalish in the activism of the common society in Bangladesh. The book additionally contains the semi official Turkish Muslim legitimate pluralism that depends on the experiences between the informal Sharia and the mainstream official law. Bryan S. Turner has explained on a theme that is the delicate tyranny and furthermore the lawful pluralism and the social assorted variety (Bannerman, 2013). The Sharia contextual investigation is about the distinctive examination that can be discovered all around the globe about the limits of the strict opportunity that should be controlled in those different society. The investigation from around the globe that has strict opportunity limit that has guidelines with respect to the religi on of the nimatullahiya, The limit of the strict opportunity is about the human science that can be found the world over in different variables identifying with the strict opportunity. The software engineering human science of the contextual analysis of Sharia identifies with the opportunity that can be found in the strict opportunity matters that might be of the assorted religion cultural examines (Kebede, 2016). Islamic law Discussions about the lawful and the law pluralism of Sharia has gone to the front line because of the political talk that is found in the multicultural society. The remarks that is about Sharia is separated from the regular purpose of life of the Muslims (Bannerman, 2013). The lawful pluralism and Sharia that is inside the Eisenstadts various innovation proposal should be contended with the goal that it move in the direction of another multi confidence that is the even minded current venture. The majority of the law of Islam is presumably better than the notable and reported Muslim legitimate customs. In the authentic turn of events, a few schools of law developed that helped on the site that has an assortment of the conclusions. References Bannerman, P. (Ed.). (2013).Islam in Perspective (RLE Politics of Islam): A Guide to Islamic Society, Politics and Law(Vol. 6). Routledge. Bowen, J. R. (2016).On British Islam: Religion, Law, and Everyday Practice in Shari?a Councils. Princeton University Press. Jan Michiel, O. (2016).Sharia Incorporated. A Comparative Overview of the Legal Systems of Twelve Muslim Countries in Past and Present. Leiden University Press. Kebede, M. (2016). The human science of shari'a: contextual analyses from around the globe, altered by Adam Possamai, James T. Richardson and Bryan S. Turner: New York, Springer, 2015, viii+ 328 pp., 72.00 (hardback), ISBN 978-3-319-09604-9. Possamai, A., Richardson, J. T., Turner, B. S. (Eds.). (2015).The Sociology of Shari'a: Case Studies from Around the World. Cham: Springer. Rosen, L. (2014). Book Review: Family Law in Islam: Divorce, Marriage and Women in the Muslim World; Self-Determination and Women's Rights in Muslim Societies.Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies. College of London,77(1), 208.

Persuasive Essay Topics That Dont Require a Bibliography Reviews & Tips

Persuasive Essay Topics That Don't Require a Bibliography Reviews & Tips Fracking Should Be Banned is a fairly weak thesis because it isn't focused enough. Citation for the essay might be applied in various formats. When prior brainstorming is finished, you might begin drafting your essay. No warrant needs to be needed for search and seizures. Fortunately, there aren't a number of them and it is rather simple to present an appropriate annotation structure. Cyber-attacks are a crucial intelligence tool for all nations. Keep reading to get the proper fit for your paper. It's essential to be cautious not to choose overdone topics. Qualities of an excellent persuasive essay topic The topic ought to be specific. The multiple topics might be found, for instance, in the dissertation abstracts international database. You could possibly be given the topic straight away by your professor, or you can be free to select the topic yourself. Think of what you know. If you've ever taken an on-line class, you understand how different it can be from a standard face-to-face course. Persuasive essays aren't found even on the world wide web. In persuasive writing, however, it's especially vital that you use specific examples to illustrate your key points. Examples might also be included in each one of the body paragraphs to additional support and clarify your primary points. Perhaps incorporate an analysis of the efficacy of on-line learning for assorted forms of learners. The Nuiances of Persuasive Essay Topics That Don't Require a Bibliography Persuasive essay isn't a place to be insecure. In such situations, finding persuasive essays is truly tricky. Selecting a great topic for your essay is among the most essential and frequently tricky parts for many students. It's quite hard to locate a topic for a persuasive essay which hasn't been covered by somebody before. Therefore, there's a chance a bill is going to be passed and allow the excellent benefit of having the capability to possess a gun on school property for the responsible teachers wanting to supply a protected atmosphere for their students, be in a position to safeguard themselves, and merely have a security measure for virtually any emergency situation that may come up. It's definitely challenging to deal with a scenario when you're charged by means of a teacher for plagiarism and drop respect in her or his eyes, apart from unexplainably very low grades. Normally, many teachers would agree that a gun may be a wonderful advantage in an event of emergency, whether there could be three or four risks at stake. In order to get children, both parents ought to be certified. So should you need to employ college essay writer online, we're just the people that you will need to contact. At our essay assistance, essays are always delivered in a brief moment. You are able to easily buy unique college essays and don't neglect to tell friends and family about it. You may continue to keep your argumentative essays for your upcoming job portfolio in case they're highly graded. Your argument is going to be the primary focus of a persuasive essay so be certain you get started writing about something which has a potential to be developed in a complete paper. A conclusion is, without a doubt, the most significant portion of the argumentative essay because you can either support the great impression or destroy it entirely. The name of a persuasive essay states it all, you have to persuade the readers your opinion is ideal. Taking into account that lots of persuasive essays concern controversial topics, before writing, you can want to sit down and think of what your opinion on the topic actually is. The type of essay you're looking for will be provided to you within the deadline offered to you. When writing a persuasive essay, the author's aim is to sway the reader to talk about her or his opinion. If you don't have an urge to waste time on choosing the best topic and writing the entire argumentative essay from scratch, don't forget you've a loyal group of professionals by your side. The 2nd necessary issue is a comprehensive guide about how to compose a persuasive essay, and we're prepared to assist you with the latter.

Savagery, Power and Fear and How It Ties in with Lord of...

MLA Research Paper Savagery, Power And Fear And how it’s ties in with Lord Of The Flies Young children who are left unattended will slowly loose their civilization, which will turn into, Savagery, Power, and Fear. Civilization is when man meets his basic needs in a healthy manner. Savagery is when people revert back to their lost human instincts. Power, in the case of Lord Of the Flies it’s a position of ascendancy over others: AUTHORITY. Fear is an unpleasant often strong emotion caused by expectation or awareness of danger. Lord of the Flies shows a great amount of uncivilization through out the whole novel. Through all the characters for example when the boys create the Lord of The flies, which is â€Å"the bloody, severed†¦show more content†¦As the boys grow more savage, their belief in the beast grows stronger. By the end of the novel, the boys’ behavior is what brings the beast into existences, so the more savagely they act, the more real the beast seems to become. ( Sparknotes, Themes, Motifs and Symbols). Jack one of the young boys who were stranded on the island is very savage, for example when Jack cannot bare the thought of someone else telling his story about how he killed a pig, he begins, â€Å" we spread round. I crept. On hands and knees. The spears fell out because they hadn’t no barbs on. The pig ran away and made an awful noise- it turned back and ran into the circle, bleeding we closed in- I cut the pigs throat.† (Golding 79). Jack had reverted back to uncivilized ways because his civilization had been shattered because of being stranded on the island. Jack even gets the rest of the boys to join in dancing around the fire as they were cooking the meet from the pig they were saying â€Å" kill the pig. Cut her throat. Bash her in.†( Golding 79). Savagery can destroy civilization. It only takes one person to become uncivilized and the others will slowly follow after. But on the other hand is it only children who become savages when left unattended or can young people who have grown up in good neutering homes become savages, the answer is ‘yes’ according to an article called In Harms way, â€Å" One in three Canadian girls will experience a controlling, abusive datingShow MoreRelatedImportant Symbols in Lord of the Flies by William Golding676 Words   |  3 PagesGolding’s novel Lord of the Flies, he uses unique elements to symbolize many concepts throughout the story. The two most important but differing symbols used throughout the novel are the Conch and Sow’s head symbolically used by the author to demonstrate the transition of good to evil as the darkness of savagery slowly begins to powerfully overtake the boys’ mental concept of their civilian nature that they were born into. 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In the two novels, Animal Farm by George Orwell, and Lord of the Flies by William Golding, there is an evident portrayal of leadership at its worst. In Animal Farm, although the animals of Manor Farm dream of creating a perfect utopian world for themselves, after the expulsion of Mr. Jones transpires, the undemocratic ascension of Napoleon s dictatorship emerges. In the other novel, Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, afterRead MoreScript For English Project Analysis1993 Words   |  8 Pageshave culminated in the general consensus that politically experienced figures are the best candidates for president. Yet here we are now with a businessman instead of the traditional politician, who promises to make America great again. So why and how is it that we have gotten to where we ar e now? Slide 1: Introduction Everyone: I’m Tangia, I’m Aaron...etc. Tangia: And we will be analyzing such patterns of tradition and change in literature. 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Man has long believed that he is somehow morally superior to all other creatures, motivated by a higher source than basic instincts. Yet, the history of man is marked by an interminable string of events that would seem to contradict that theory: war, genocide, segregation, suppressionRead MoreReview Of Charlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre 10879 Words   |  44 Pages[Brocklehurst], as a convent full of religieuses would worship their director† (145) St. John Rivers Religious â€Å"‘Yes, and deems, and is bound to deem, himself honoured by the lot, and aspires but after the day when the cross of separation from fleshly ties shall be laid on his shoulders, and when the Head of that Church militant of whose humblest members he is one, shall give the word, â€Å"Rise, follow Me!†...I hold that the more arid and unreclaimed the soil where the Christian labourer’s task of tillage

The Spill Of The Gulf Oil Spill - 1020 Words

The Gulf oil spill has been considered as the worst oil spill in the history of Unites States. One of the world’s largest energy companies, British Petroleum had been held responsible for the deep-water horizon explosion, which killed 11 people in April 2010. As a result of the explosion, oil has leaked into the ocean killing the aquatic life. The impact of the explosion was so great that it was impossible for human diver to reach the ocean floor. Hence, remote control robots were used for this purpose. There was a leak in the oil and gas pipe as revealed by the underwater camera. Approximately, 3.19 million barrels of oil had leaked into the Gulf coast by the time workers capped the oil well in July 2010. Situated in the Macondo oil prospect in the Mississippi Canyon, Deep water Horizon rig as leased by oil company BP and owned by the offshore oil drilling company Transocean. A surge of natural gas blasted on the night of April 20, 2010 through a concrete core to seal the well for later use. It was learned after the investigation that the concrete core was composed of nitrogen gas mixture to accelerate curing. It was not strong enough to bear the pressure. The natural gas traveled up to the platform through the deep water rig once it was released by the fracture of the core igniting killing and injuring several workers. The explosion resulted in the discharge of oil into the Gulf. U.S. officials estimated the amount of oil released into the ocean to be aboutShow MoreRelatedGulf Of Mexico Oil Spill1073 Words   |  5 Pages Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill Every day individuals take the true beauty of our nation by visiting recreational areas along with beaches. Oil spills create nothing, but negative effects on the areas that it happens in. Many plants and animals are affected by this negative disaster which sickness the animals or some even die from it. 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This event caused a stir in both the government and non-governmental organizations, because of the extensive damage that it caused. Federal investigations were put under way to determine theRead MoreDeepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico Essay2106 Words   |  9 Pagespetroleum (oil) and are all needed for survival. Oil was, at one time, plentiful and considered more of a nuisance for those who were drilling wells for wate r in the US because it would seep into the wells. Early uses for the oil were for machinery lubrication and burning in lamps. It wasn’t until the invention of the internal combustion engine, which made life and manufacturing so much simpler, that oil became of more interest. In the late 1800s John D. Rockefeller started one of the first oil company

Sch21 Communication free essay sample

Communication plays a major part in our everyday life, if we did not communicate with each other we could not learn, develop relationships or even progress and it is very important to make sure that the best provision is created for all. Different methods can be used as a way of communicating but the way we express it can have different effects on the children, parents and staff that we work with.When communicating with children it is important to give them your full attention as this encourages them to express how their feeling and to explore by asking questions because if by any chance you become distracted while communicating to a child by turning the other way while their are speakingthey may feel that what they are trying to say or ask you may be unimportant to you and this may cause the child to lack in confidence when speaking to another adult or child and may become reluctant in expressing themselves or asking questions. We will write a custom essay sample on Sch21 Communication or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Adults can also demonstrate a good use of language and encourage children to express themselves and become confident in themselves by showing them that you are actively listening and showing them that they are valued by using your body language and facial expressions this is done by socially interacting with the child by getting down to their level and establishing eye contact, smiling attentivly and nodding encouraginaly to them.It is always important to make sure that good communication is kept with the child because if its not then the child may find it difficult to interact with you and this may affect his or hers learning and development. It is also important that your work is of its highest standard and that the child is benifiting from this. Good communication skills are always essential when working with parents, being positive towards them by showing them good eye contact, smiling and body language. It is also important when communicating with parents that you are giving them time to be heard and are paying full attention to them.When possitive relationships are formed between collegues and parents it is easier to trust, support help and advise. Parents will feel alot more confident about leaving their child in a setting if the staff are friendly and approachable by being this way you can recieve the mutual respect and develop a professional relationship by showing that you have interest and priority in their childs learning and development although it is as equally as important that while you are developing a professional friendly relationship with the parent that it doesnt become personal and develop into a friendship.Good communication is the key to establish a possitive relationship with your colleagues and other professionals in the setting it has a major impact on the daily running of the setting it is important to be polite show respect and be highly professional with anyone that you work along with. It is important to respect other peoples views regardless of your own personal opinion of them.If you choose to be unproffesional and dismiss other peoples views and opinions this may result in result between the adults and this can be easily picked up by the children and if communication is poor between the colleagues this can have a negative effect on the setting , while a good relationship between colleagues will create a comfortable and happy enviroment for allthose involved in the setting and they will feel valued which will create a strong proffessional relationship and will allow the children to learn and develop efficently, good teamwork depends on good communication. . 3 Give an explanation of why it is important to observe an individuals reactions when communicating with them.It is important to observe an individuals reactions when communicating with them because only around 70-80% of communication is verbal and if you are not paying attention to the persons facial expressions and bodily reactions then you will be missing out on a large part of the communication because not all people are able to communicate verbally maybe they dont know the language or just dont have the confidence, perhaps the individual may not have the confidence to confront the person therefore would use other ways of communicating.

Lets Change College Sports Essays - Youth, Student Athlete

Lets Change College Sports There is not a better feeling in the world to an athlete than suiting up for a game and playing their heart out. Being an athlete involves strength, stamina, critical thinking, and a passion for the sport they are playing. Colleges offer many sports that range anywhere from Rowing and Polo to Football and Baseball. College sports have gained a lot of attention over the years due to the athlete's passion and desire to be involved in sports. Being nationally televised and making it to big tournaments can provide funds to colleges and universities, that they can respectfully cash in. While these funds provided by tournaments and bowl games are a strong advantage for the schools, athletes gain no income from their hard work and natural abilities. It is not fair that athletes do not receive any benefits for their countless hours and dedication they put into sports. Therefore, college athletes should be paid for their duties. Being an athlete and a college student can be difficult to juggle and balance. Many times being an athlete conflicts with the scheduling of classes." Athletes don't have have free choice of what major they take if the classes conflict with their practice schedules"(qtd. Cooper 1 ). By eliminating a large chunk of an athlete's free time, and expecting the athlete to be fully dedicated to that team, there needs to be some sort of reward in return for this loyalty and dedication. Jobs use this same tactic by providing their employees with pay checks in order to get necessary work done. Since athletes are providing work, like in a job, they should be paid, like a job. Athletes experience a lot of struggles in their college careers. According to Robert McCormick, who was an attorney for the National Labor Relations Board under President Jimmy Carter, stated, " There are more demands put on these young men than any employee of the university" (qtd. in Cooper 1). Robert McCormick said it be st without having to go into detail of the grueling practices, and time consuming homework assignments that affect these young players. With all this work being done, student athletes cant help but to feel, " somethings gotta give." These athletes more than work for or earn their pay. Student athletes not only have the pressure of being successful in sports, but also in their studies. To be part of the team, must maintain certain grades and show up to every practice for multiple hours. The stress these athletes go through is enough to make any person want to give up. Colleges and sports programs can greatly benefit from sports. Because colleges and sports programs benefit from the work the athletes do, many athletes feel they should be rewarded. Sports programs make extreme revenues due to certain players, and the work they do. " The NCAA reported $ 871.6 million in revenue for the 2011-2012 academic year." (Tarbush 1). Without players working hard to boost college athletic programs, the programs would not be able to manage this type of income. Athletes should be rewarded with an income as well since everyone else benefits from their talents. Not only networks but also the college receive revenue generated from college sports. " College football and men's basketball generate revenues of more than 6 billion every year ." (Bagaria, Akash, Birkenes 1). If schools are making this type of money from their athletes, there is no reason the athletes cannot make something from the college or university. Colleges and universities not only benefit from the games but also from the players themselves. By placing the numbers on jerseys and hats, colleges are able to sell highly popular merchandise to the fans. If a player's talents are good enough to entice the fans to spend tremendous amounts of money, then the colleges and/or universities should be willing to reward the player with some sum of money. College athletes may bring in tremendous amounts of money for their schools, but they are under appreciated and treated unfairly. Athletes feel mistreated because they provide a service that is in high demand for no pay. According to, Andrew Zimbalist, an Economist, " No other industry in the United States manages not

European Energy Market Essays

European Energy Market Essays European Energy Market Essay European Energy Market Essay 1. What do you think are the economic benefits of liberalizing the EU energy market? Who stands to gain the most from liberalization? -Economic benefits: The consumers would have freedom to choose their energy providers and probably could lower the costs. They will have improved service quality as they will have variety of producers. Energy providers can improve efficiency through innovation to be competitive which in turn will also reduce prices. Larger utilities should be able to realize economies of scale which will able them to compete more effectively. The consumers and businesses would gain the most from liberalization: Consumers could get the best lowest prices possible from producers; better production with the use of innovative technology. Business would have more business in the competitive market and could gain more profit. 2. What are the implications of liberalization for energy producers in the EU? How will the environment they face change after liberalization? What act ions will they have to take? -Implications: Replace the markets of its 27 member states with a single continent wide market for electricity and gas. The majority market shares would be acquired and dominated by a large single enterprise eg: Electric de France. -Changes in environment after liberalization: There are a lot of acquisitions and mergers in the energy markets. Politicians and governments try to protect their firms from other competitions with regulations. Bigger firms will try to acquire firms in local country. -Actions: Government would impose conditions to stop foreign companies from acquiring local companies. The local authorities would try to protect the local company advantages. 3. Why is the deintegration of large energy companies seen as such an important part of any attempt to liberalize the EU energy market? -There are vertically integrated producers consists of utilities that are producing, transmitting and selling power which made the markets lack of liquidity. The deintegration of biggest companies will encourage smaller companies to be active in the market. There will be fair competition and energy firms could compete with each other. -To reduce the barrier in doing cross-border transmission in national markets. Barrier to do cross-border transmission is the oppositions from various parties in the country which hinders the foreign companies to enter the national market in order to protect their integrated companies. If deintegration is done by the country, there would be more operators in the energy market that will encourage competition; increase affordability and dependability of the services. . Why do you think progress towards the liberalization of the EU energy market has been fairly slow so far? -The countries have been trying to protect their local small energy companies from the large foreign companies. -The governments and national companies try to protect their own industry from the foreign companies to maintain their market share in the industry. -Only the big firms are ready to face their competitors and increase their marke t share and power in Europe.

Mind You Own Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mind You Own Business - Essay Example Health care managers (HMOs, POSs and PPOs) coordinate and manage the quality and cost of health care (Themedica, 2006). Due to the global financial crisis, health care managers must employ good management skills in determining the services to offer, the costs to incur and how to allocate the funds. They are they creating more focus on preventive and comprehensive care services for enrollees and their families. Careful and considerate allocation of funds and economic management of the funds ensures that the operational costs are reduced without reducing the quality of service offered. Despite the health sector being a business, it does not operate like a typical business market. In a normal market, the consumer chooses what to take from the supplier whereas in the medical field the doctors choose what is best for the patient. The current economic status in the world has spear rocketed the cost of medical care. Political and social factors have contributed to the prevailing economic status. With high rates of unemployment, people are not being able to pay the cost of their medical services which is creating financial problems to the medical sector (Themedica, 2009). Economy specialists have prospected that in the next decade the rates of unemployment and cost of living will continue to increase. It is expected that the medical resources available will be strained by the expected population increase (Themedica, 2009). There is a need for the medical sector to make changes that will suit the current situation so that high-quality health care will be maintained. The sector should improve their services by employing the latest technology and researching on better

Management Report 3000 words Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Management Report 3000 words - Essay Example 4 Obstacles/ resistance to change†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 Strategic Change & Culture†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 Bottom up / Top down Strategic change †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 Role of Change Agents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5 INTRODUCTION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 SONY: Visionary leadership†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7 Pioneer advantage†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 Analysis and Teamwork †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8 PART 2: Industry’s growth†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 10 Innovation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 11 External environment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 12 Competitive Pressures Exist within the Industry†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 13 Brief Statement of the Current & Future Strategic Issues†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 13 Recuperate Focus†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 14 Promote marketing to the boardroom†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 14 Brand oriented leadership†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ... 18 Appendix A Supporting Data†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 18 Appendix B Sources†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 20 Part 1: Strategic Management Process & Context: The nature of strategy: Strategy of any organization I build that reveals how to respond to the customers, environments, competitors etc. the strategy of a company also helps in describing what kind of relationships to be made with the dealers, raw material vendors, customers, competitors, business partners, workers and also tells how to survive in the business market( Kazmi , 2008). Viewing strategy from multiple perspectives, different issues this reveals: The process that explains the process and functionality of any organization is strategic management process. This provides a roadmap for an organization to achieve its set goals and objectives( Kazmi , 2008 The influence of culture on strategy: The culture has a g reat influence on strategy. The strategies of a business would be building according to the cultural in order to meet customer’s requirements as culture greatly affects the demands of a nation (Witcher,   Chau 2010) . Strategy Lenses/ Strategy Safari†¦ & other concepts/ models/ theories to understand the significance of perspective: Different models are used to understand the significance of strategy. There are different models used within different organizations (Witcher,   Chau 2010) . Some of the key components are knowledge creation, transfer, utilization, exploration, tacit knowledge. etc. Managing Strategic Change: The need for & process of strategic change: There are no valid theories about business and the failure and success of the organization cannot be considered theoretically (Ungson ,  Wong 2008) .The processes

The Truman Show Essay Example for Free

The Truman Show Essay The Truman Show is a film directed by Peter Weir. It is all about how the public spend too much of their time watching television and how we also like the idea of voyeurism. The film has two main characters Christof and Truman Burbank, the latter being the star of the show, which charters Trumans life, twenty four hours a day, seven days a week, all year round. Christof has been filming Truman ever since conception. Truman doesnt know this, and in fact he knows nothing about his real family. Everything around him has been scripted and he is on a film set all the time. He is like Christofs pet, he controls everything Truman does. He controls whom Truman meets and talks to e. g. when Truman sees his father again in the streets and from out of nowhere some people come and take him away, preventing Truman from talking to him. Even the weather is controlled in the Truman Show when Truman attempts to leave the island a storm conveniently starts and only affects his boat and not the island, but when he reaches the end of the shows set the storm comes to a sudden end. The set in question is the second only manmade structure completely visible from space. He chose to pick Truman instead of the other babies in the ward, purely on the basis that Truman was born on the day of the shows launch. This was the first time in history that a television corporation has been able to adopt a baby. Because of this fact the viewers who have watched the programme since then in a way regard Truman as a surrogate child, they eagerly follow his every move. The affection the audience feel for Truman has helped the show to attract billions of viewers worldwide. This is kind of a similar affection as to that of the affection the viewers of the 7 Up television series felt towards the children who starred in the series. This programmes is a good comparison to make to The Truman Show because we follow a group of random seven year olds and every few years we return to the same group and see how they have changed in the way they think and feel, a fly on the wall programme if you will. Also The Truman Show is like a soap opera were we are familiar with all the characters but are also the cliff hangers at end of each programme are interlinked in to the next programme and help to keep the continuous flow of the series. Due to the fact that the show does not sleep. Also we finish this hybrid of modern television with an element of reality T.V. For example the Big Brother series, a show where a group of television producers headhunt the nation for an elite group of contestants to compete for a cash prize. The contestants normally consist of a funny person, a beautiful person, a homosexual, someone of different race to the rest of the group and someone who they know will act as a catalyst in the whole situation, some to upset all the other characters. There is also a connection to The Truman Show because there are multiple camera angles to let the viewer see the contestants every move. Its other appeal is that the environment is that of the classic 1950s America, Everyone knows everyone, everyone likes everyone. Everything about this small fictional town of Seahaven, a small picturesque island an island so perfect that no one has yet found reason to leave. This town is perfect for multiple reasons it could be perfect due to the perfectly manicured lawns, the white clapperboard houses or the picket fences. There is the classic old style grocery store on the corner with its brown paper bag and every worker from the shop assistant to the newspaper retailer quite often gives the American trademark phrase of Have a nice day! Which, quite honestly everyday is perfect in the sense of weather anyway. The parks and public space in this town are also super clean, there is always someone cleaning up these public areas, especially when Truman is around, all the cleaners all have earpieces on, the audience know they have earpieces to keep in contact with the shows headquarters so they can make sure Truman is still following routine, but Truman may believe they are deaf or something. But if this was 1950s America there should be no black Americans socialising with the whites due to integration. This is a sign to the audience that there are modern aspects to this classic 1950s seaside town. The Truman Show has some amazing technology going on, with over 5000 cameras constantly beaming out to the world. These cameras have multiple angles, which allow them to follow Trumans every single move, the camera loves him. These cameras are able to follow his every move thanks to the multiple places were they are hidden. They are hidden for example in the bathroom cabinet when we see him grooming himself every morning, in his mums necklace she moves it to show us what Trumans up to on several occasions, in the cars dashboard we see Truman every morning driving to work, in the bin at work we see him piecing together his first love Lauren Garlands face back together as a collage of articles from beauty magazines for the wife, also last of all we see the cameras in his boat in the mast and boats main cabin watching Christofs attempted assassination on Truman when he tries to sail away to from the island. The camera also seems to cut frequently to the shows viewers, for example, the man who always seems to be in the bath watching The Truman Show, the old ladies with their Truman show cushions and blankets who have to reassure each other that Truman is going to be OK when sailing away to freedom, the security guards eagerly watching the show in anticipation of the first televised conception. There is even a mother who leaves her baby crying in the back room just so she doesnt miss out on any of the programmes. Also, the Truman Show cut to various Truman Show bars around the world, bars that are covered in Truman memorabilia and were Truman Show fans can socialise with other Truman Show fans. These people appear to spend all their time watching the Truman Show, there is a certain sense of privileged voyeurism. They can watch other peoples lives on television without having their lives watched and interfered with, they also may be a little nosey and like to know all about other peoples lives. But with all this technology and overheads you may wonder how the Truman Show manages to cover their finances the answer to this question is answered throughout the film. At the start of the film the director informs us that the show generates the Gross.

Four Views of The Sick Rose :: sick

Four Views of The Sick Rose Four Works Cited By analyzing more information from different authors, I was able to draw a greater amount contrast from the authors. I had a better feel for what they were trying to convey when they wrote their critical essays in their books. Whatever the case, it was easier to judge "The Sick Rose" by having more sources to reflect upon. Michael Riffaterre centers his analysis of "The Sick Rose" in "The Self-sufficient Text" by "using internal evidence only [to analyze the poem] and to determine to what extent the literary text is self-sufficient. It seems to [Riffaterre] that a proper reading entails no more than a knowledge of the language" (39). Riffaterre identifies psychological, philosophical, and genetic interpretations (connected to "mythological tradition") as "aiming outwards." These approaches find the meaning of the text in the relationship of its images to other texts" (40). Riffaterre argues for a more internal reading of the poems. Riffaterre emphasizes the importance of the relationships between words as opposed to their "corresponding realities" (40). For example, he states that the "flower or the fruit is a variant of the worm's dwelling constructed through destruction. Thus, as a word, worm is meaningful only in the context of flower, and flower only in the context of worm" (41). After Riffaterre's reading and interpretation of the poem, he concludes that "The Sick Rose" is composed of "polarized polarities" (44) which convey the central object of the poem, the actual phrase, "the sick rose" (44). He asserts that "because the text provides all the elements necessary to our identifying these verbal artifacts, we do not have to resort to traditions or symbols found outside the text" (44). Thus, "The Sick Rose" is a self-sufficient text. Hazard Adams takes a different approach to reading "The Sick Rose" than most critics by cautioning the reader that often one "overlook[s] the fact that a literary image primarily imitates its previous usages and secondarily what it denotes in the outer world or in the realm of ideas" (13). Adams begins his analysis with examining the rose, and by reminding the reader that in a "literary world where the rose is seen archetypally, all things have human form" (14). Thus he allows for the rose to be able to become part of the speaker. He carries his idea one step further by suggesting that the speaker always "address[es] some aspect of himself" when speaking to an object.

Fieldwork

NYC is one of the areas in US with the highest concentration of schools. These schools range from kindergarten schools to even higher level. This has presented unprecedented challenges to school managers and especially classroom teachers. Teachers play a very important role of imparting of knowledge into the children so that they can change their entry behaviour by the time they come out of the learning process. A lot of incidents occur in the process of learning between the teacher and the children or amongst the children. These incidents are inevitable as conflicts are part and parcel of the learning process. The classroom setting brings together children from different backgrounds. In the NYC area, some of the challenges facing the children especially from the pre-K level to the second grade level include delinquency, a significantly high drop out rate, environmental as well as peer pressure as well as challenges in socializing and obeying to the set school rules and regulations. These children are in a very low level of development and most of them feel that a school is just a place of passing time, chatting and playing. It is the way the teacher manages these incidents when they are manifested in the classroom that enables the children to experience a conducive learning environment, develop self-competence as well as self-esteem and be able to improve in academic performance. According to Edmondson D. (1999), there have been quite a lot of critical incidents that have been observed between the teacher and children and amongst children in the NYC learning institutions. For instance, in a classroom setting, many teachers have been burdened with the problem of most of most children fighting one another due to minor differences among them such as being denied to join in a play. This fighting among the children has distracted the learning environment and even affected the emotional and psychological well-being of the children. These effects consequently have resulted to poor academic performance among the children, something that has affected their learning motivation and led to loss of interest in learning. Most students through this turn out to be joy riders in the class and this has also led to loss of morale in teaching on the part of the teacher. it is therefore very important that the teachers chips in to address this problem. The teacher should seek to establish a conducive learning environment by inculcating good social skills into the children and teaching them the need to respect one another. For quality and improved academic performance, this incident needs to be addressed and controlled in future.   Proper and strict ways should be put in place and highly practiced on the children who have this behaviour. Behaviour modification techniques such as use of a token should be reviewed and practised by the teacher in order to discourage this incident.   Although Slavin, (1978) notes that, punishment is one of the best deterrents for bad behavior, this is disputed by, Astin (1985) who notes that, there is enough evidence to conclude that, punishment can have negative effects for classroom teachers.   Hence punishing the misbehaved children should be exercised with caution. There are incidents like overlooking of the needs of all children that have occurred between the teacher and the children.   Most teachers for instance in classroom situation tend to treat all the children as having similar needs and similar levels of understanding.   This has had a very negative impact on the academic performance of most children. The children who are slow in learning and also those who have special problems like hearing difficulties have always lagged behind as far as ranking in academics is concerned. To curb this problem in future, the teacher should understand and clearly define the problems that each child faces in learning.   This way, better approaches of teaching the slow learners and those with special needs like hearing problems, blind children will be applied.   Use of tutorial classes and giving remedial work to learners who learn slowly will be of great use in solving this problem.   Building of different learning institutions and providing adequate learning materials and resources for the exceptional children should be practiced.   Braille and the relevant learning resources as well as materials should be provided to the children who are blind. However, teachers have had critical incidents with children whereby they have encountered very bright, clever and talented children.   These incidents and many others which have become rampant in the NYC area have helped the classroom teacher to be able to come up with ways in which these children should be encouraged so that they do not get disinterested in the learning process. These children can be said to be exceptional and also require special concern so that they continue participating in learning process. To manage this situation in future, teachers should also employ other techniques like giving challenging tasks but those which are within the ability of the clever children, encouraging the children to read ahead of where the teacher reaches in class as well as helping them to set realistic goals. They should also be given responsibilities such as class room monitors so that they continue perfecting their leadership skills and be engaged in fruitful activities Critical incidents like stress have also arised between teachers and the children.   A teacher in a classroom situation has been able to encounter children who have stress.   Stress among children arises from family backgrounds and academic performance (Slavin, 1978).   Those children who come from poor families have been observed to be the mostly affected by stress due to financial constraints in the family set-up, something that have widely resulted to hardships in paying fees, unlike those children from stable families who have everything at their disposal, right from in time payment of fees to other secondary needs. Continued failure in academics as well as poor reinforcement from the part of the teacher also result to stress among children.   Stress has led to very poor performance among children since the children who suffer from it tend to spend too much time in thinking about their problems than in learning.   Teachers have tried to control stress among the students in many ways. Many more ways should however be put forward in an effort to fight stress among the students.   Such ways like guidance and counselling of the students suffering from stress, organizing for sources of funds so as to facilitate their education as well as encouraging them should be emphasized in order to achieve positive results from these children. In addition, the parents of these children have been involved to encourage the children in learning   through trying to groom them and advice the accordingly.   According to, Astin (1985) use of reinforcements and rewards are among the most important ways that can be used to improve performance among children.   The stressed children should always be positively reinforced and rewarded every time they make a positive improvement of their situation. Another critical incident between a teacher and the children is the realization that children have different talents.   Teachers have been able to meet children who are very talented in sports and athletics.   This incident has helped these children a lot since teachers have had an opportunity to help them broaden and practice their talents to the best of their ability. They have been able to do   this by organizing for physical education beaks and allowing the children to engage in playing different games. This has enriched learning process since cu-curricular activities are also part of learning especially where socialization is encouraged. Children also during interaction with one another have had several critical incidents.   The realization by children that some of their colleagues shine in academics only through hard work but not because they are geniuses has created an atmosphere of hard work among the children fraternity. In the process of working hard so as to attain the level that their colleagues are enjoying, they have improved their performance and consequently the entire performance of the schools has improved. The slow learners have been able to seek for assistance from the teacher until they understand fully the concepts for example how to perform addition and multiplication in mathematics. This attitude should be more encouraged in future and rewarding of the best children be sustained in order to create a competing atmosphere. There are incidents among the children whereby they have come to realise that some students are being favoured by the teachers.   This has really suppressed the morale of the other children since they have believed that no matter how hard they try, they will never shine. Favouritism has been practised through marking assignments and in reinforcing the children. This behaviour of teachers favouring some children should in future be discouraged because it leads to discouragement on children who are not experiencing the favours, and later translate to poor academic performance. Moreover, there have been critical incidents whereby teachers have realized that some children can become good leaders.   This has been helped by the evident leadership skills that these children portray at their early age. Through identifying these children, teachers have been able to help the children through providing enough guidelines and encouraging them to maintain as well as improve their qualities. This has really been an opportunity for the children to succeed, improving their self-esteem and acquiring much confidence to pursue the education.  Ã‚   In future, more encouragement should be given to these children and leadership posts be awarded to them in the school so as to perfect their skills. In addition, there are things that have happened such as children stealing from each other and this has really demoralised most children. Children who take to this behaviour tend to grow up practising it even to their higher educational levels. The teacher should put into place the necessary disciplinary measures so that this stealing behaviour can be modified. This contributes to a better learning environment and consequently to a improved academic performance. Critical incidents have also occurred among the children whereby they have been able to realize that some of them are quite anti-social and cannot even work in groups.   Group work is one of the most effective ways of learning (Joyce, & Weil, 1986).   It is through group work that children learn new ideas as well as develop confidence and social skills.   Children who engage in group work and participate fully tend to broaden their views and acquire diverse thinking ways.   They stand a good chance of improving in their academic performance unlike those children who are anti social and defect from group work. In future, group work should be highly encouraged among the children and means of motivation the groups devised.   This will see to it that performance among the children is improved. Conclusion All education stakeholders in the NYC area need to join hands in order to handle the numerous challenges facing the sector. There is a need to create learning environmental that is ample enough to allow an interaction between the teachers and the children.   The numerous incidents that the teacher encounters should serve to formulate clear policies to govern the learning process. This in turn will lead to a better learning environment.   Finally all children-children incidents, needs to be solved by applying the necessary psychological theories in order to create a conducive learning environment. REFERENCES Astin, A. W. (1985). Achieving educational excellence: A critical assessment of priorities and practices in higher education. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Dover. Edmondson, A. (1999). Psychological Safety and Learning Behaviour in Work Teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44, 350-383. Slavin, R. (1978). Student teams and achievement divisions. Journal of Research and Development in Education, 12. Joyce, B., & Weil, M. (1986). Models of teaching. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Anderson, J. A. (1998). Cognitive styles and multicultural populations. Journal of Teacher Education. 39. Wlodkowski, R., & Ginsberg, M. (2003). Diversity and motivation: Culturally responsive teaching. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Analysis On Financial Statements Of Verizon Communications Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2393 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? ATT Inc. (NYSE: T) is a United States telecommunications corporation headquartered in Texas. Founded in 1983 as SBC Communications, it became ATT Inc. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Analysis On Financial Statements Of Verizon Communications Finance Essay" essay for you Create order upon purchase of ATT Corporation in 2005. It is the leading U.S. provider of wire-line and wireless communications. ATT delivers 3G wireless services through ATT Mobility LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary. Other major segments include broadband internet, digital television, directory publishing, and business communications. In 2006, ATT Inc. acquired BellSouth communications corporation, valued at $86 billion, absorbing its wire-line, wireless, and broadband interests. ATT has stated specific future goals in 4G wireless, speech recognition, telehealth, and digital convergence. Recently, ATT selected Alcatel-Lucent and Ericsson as equipment providers for its LTE (4G) wireless deployments. ATT has over 150 million customers and 280,000 employees. ATT reported a $124 billion operating revenue and $23 billion net income as of Dec. 31, 2008. Verizon Communications Inc. (NYSE: VZ) is a United States telecommunications corporation headquartered in New York. It was founded in 1983 as Bell Atlantic. Bell Atlantic acquired GTE Corp. in 2000 and changed its name to Verizon Communications Inc. It is the second largest U.S. provider of wire-line and wireless voice services. Verizon Wireless is a joint venture, with Vodafone Group holding 45 percent ownership. Through its FiOS product, Verizon provides fiber-optic delivery of internet, television, and digital voice. Other major operations include IP networks, applications, and professional services for business. In 2008, Verizon stated its goal to surpass ATT as the U.S. market leader in wireless voice and data communications in the United States. It is aggressively pushing fiber-optic deployments to combat industry-wide access-line losses. Verizon has over 91 million customers and 220,000 employees. Verizon reported a $97 billion operating revenue and $6.5 billion net income as of Dec. 31, 2008. Balance Sheet unusual items ATT: At Dec. 31, 2008, ATT reported a current ratio of 0.53, and a long-term assets / long-term liabilities ratio of 1.92. This mismatching indicates that too much short-term financing has been used to acquire long-term assets. ATT may have problems meeting its short-term obligations without additional refinancing. If additional financing cannot be obtained, a lack of asset liquidity poses a bankruptcy risk. At Dec. 31, 2008, ATT reported goodwill at $71.8 billion, accounting for about 27% of their total reported assets. This stems from ATTs aggressive acquisition strategy. The high amount poses a great asset impairment risk. Only losses, not gains, can be recorded for goodwill. If the acquired entities lose value, as judged by an annual impairment test, the loss of recorded assets and corresponding write-offs against stockholders equity can be substantial. Verizon: At Dec. 31, 2008, Verizon reported wireless licenses valued at $62.0 billion. These are indefinite-lived intangible asset which account for 30.6% of Verizons total assets. Wireless licenses are extremely important for a telecommunications company, but placing such large valuation on an intangible is a serious risk. Estimating fair value is very subjective, and any significant write-offs (as judged by a periodic impairment test) could threaten stockholders confidence. At Dec. 31, 2008, Verizon reported cash and cash equivalents of $9.8 billion. Having such a large amount of cash and cash equivalents (investments with a maturity of 90 days or less) is good for liquidity. However, a significant portion of this $9.8 billion could be converted to less-liquid, higher-interest investments that mature within a year, or even long-term investments. Having so much cash-on-hand is a problem because it is not being invested to return additional value to the business. Income Statement unusual items ATT: At Dec. 31, 2008, ATT reported basic earnings-per-share of $2.17. During the same period, their nearest market competitor, Verizon, reported $2.26 basic earnings-per-share. To the common stockholder, this is one of the most important factors to attract and maintain investment. Unless ATT can achieve higher earnings-per-share, investors will be more likely to invest in their competitors, posing a threat to ATTs future growth. At Dec. 31, 2008, ATT recorded a net other income (expense) of -$589 million (versus +$615 million in 2007). A closer look at Note 4 to the financial statements reveals that this is entirely attributable to Consolidation and Elimination expenses. Reorganization due to acquisition and restructuring has been a significant part of ATTs market-growth strategy, but they must take care not to incur excessive expenses for the sake of growth. That could lead to an overall loss of competitiveness and lack of stockholders confidence. Verizon: At Dec. 31, 2008, Verizon recorded a net income of $6.4 billion. Their nearest market competitor, ATT, posted a net income of $12.9 billion. In terms of absolute numbers, this gives Verizon less power in the market and also serves as an indication to investors that Verizon might not be managing its finances well enough. Income is essential to future value creation and expansion, so Verizon should strive to improve operational efficiency and attain an income thats more aligned with (or better than) its competitor. At Dec. 31, 2008, Verizon recorded a net profit margin (ratio of net income to revenues) of only .066, up from their 2007 profit margin of .059, but still lower than their 2006 profit margin of .070. In general, Verizons profit margin seems low compared to other U.S. telecommunications corporations (especially ATT), a sign of managements inability to generate strong returns. This weak financial performance should raise concerns for shareholders and financers, and it poses a surviva l risk to Verizon. Cash Flow Statement unusual items ATT: In 2008, ATT issued $9.5 billion in dividends to stockholders (which has been increasing gradually since 2004). Consistent dividends are good to attract sustained stockholders confidence and investment, but a dividend payout of $9.5 billion is unusually high. By paying out too many excess funds to stockholders, ATT may be missing out on more lucrative investment opportunities that would generate better returns. In 2008, ATT reported $5.6 billion in accounts payable and accrued liabilities. This amount, due to ATTs suppliers or banks, must be paid off within 12-months in order to avoid default. This significantly high amount is a constraint against ATTs working capital. If the company is not able to fully pay off the debt in time, its future operations could be hindered. Verizon: In 2008, Verizon reported net $15.9 billion in acquisitions of licenses, investments, and businesses. Such a substantial investment introduces a high level of business risk. If Verizons inv estments do not demonstrate profitability, not only will significant funds have gone to waste, but more doubt will be cast on the corporations future investing decisions by investors and financers. In 2008, Verizon accumulated net cash inflows from financing activities of $13.6 billion. In particular, $21.6 billion were proceeds from long-term borrowing, while there was a repayment of only $4.1 billion in long-term borrowing and capital lease obligations. It seems that Verizon is using this leverage to achieve their investing activities discussed previously. Such aggressive financing this fiscal year can put heavy constraints on Verizons ability to acquire additional financing in future years. Verizon is in a precarious position where, if they cannot repay the financing in a timely manner, they enter a high risk of declining into bankruptcy. Notes to Financial Statements unusual items ATT: At Dec. 31, 2008, ATT reported that $14.1 billion of its outstanding debt would mature within one year, compared to just $6.9 billion in the previous year (see Note 8). This current debt introduces a liquidity problem, since ATT must be able to generate enough cash in the next year to repay its financers. This is a significant business risk for ATT; if it is unable to cover its debts in time, its future financing options will be limited and its business operations could be in jeopardy. As of Jan. 1, 2007, ATT indicated a loss of $123 million in goodwill related to the settlement of IRS audit in its wireless segment (see Note 6). Excess goodwill is already a problem because a high risk of asset impairment is introduced, but devaluation due to an IRS audit raises serious concerns about managements judgment for proper accounting. Investors are cautious about missteps such as this, and a recurring incident could further unsettle their confidence in ATT. Verizon: On Jan . 9, 2009 (beyond the reporting date of the financial statements), Verizons wireless segment closed the acquisition of Alltel Corporation, paying $5.9 billion for its equity, but also acquiring $22.2 billion of its debt obligations (see Note 2). Acquiring such a massive debt puts Verizon at a significant financing risk. The notes reveal that Verizon has relied on credit to immediately cover the acquisition cost and debt prepayments, with $2.5 billion debt that remains outstanding. Verizon faces potential insolvency in other words, a high risk of adequate repayment and future refinancing. At Dec. 31, 2008, Verizon reported obligations for all defined benefit pension plans at $29.4 billion (see Note 15). The future collection of this large liability poses a financial risk to Verizon, should they not be suitably prepared to cover the costs. Along with Verizons already large debt obligations, this is a noteworthy threat to the companys viability. Balance Sheet differences At Dec. 31, 2008, ATT had a debt-to-equity ratio of 1.75 (total liabilities / total equity) and Verizon had a debt-to-equity ratio of 3.85. ATT and Verizon hold similar levels of total liabilities ($169 and $161 billion, respectively), but ATT has a great deal more stockholders equity ($96.3 versus $41.7 billion, respectively). ATTs much larger stockholder interest provides increased financial flexibility and an ability to service its debt, in comparison to Verizon which should be more cautious in its debt accumulation, at risk of being unable to generate enough cash to satisfy its debt obligations. ATTs lower debt-to-equity ratio may boost stockholders confidence since their investments are better protected in the event of business decline. On the other hand, ATTs lower debt-to-equity ratio may signify that it is not taking advantage of enough financial leverage to generate increased profits. At Dec. 31, 2008, ATT lists Customer Lists and Relationships as a long-term asset valu ed at net $10.6 billion. Verizon does not such an item listed on their balance sheet, but Note 4 to the financial statements reveals that customer lists and relationships are a net $820 million component of Other Intangible Assets. This item is a limited-life intangible asset, and is subject to amortization accumulation. The relatively similar size of each companys customer base suggests that these valuations shouldnt be so drastically different. Estimating fair value of customer lists and relationships is very subjective, based on how each company judges the ability to generate returns. ATTs high valuation compared to Verizon leads to higher annual write-offs of the asset. Stockholders confidence could be shaken by too high write-offs arising from higher valuations, so Verizons more conservative valuation may be safer in the long-term. Income Statement differences As of 2008, ATTs income statements divide operating revenues into five segments: wireless service, voice, data, directory, and other. Verizons income statement only specifies a catch-all operating revenues item, but Note 17 to the financial statements identifies two segments: domestic wireless and wireline. Both companies wireless segments are equivalent in scope. Verizons wireline segment is the equivalent of ATTs voice data segments combined. Notably, ATT has a more diversified business portfolio, including its directory services which include the publishing of print directories, directory advertising, internet-based advertising, and local search; and the other segment which includes information services, payphone, and corporate operations. The presentation of ATTs income statement emphasizes their diversity of operations in comparison to Verizon. This shows two different approaches to business diversification. For Verizon, if one of its two segments were to fail, the financial impact would be catastrophic. For ATT, the failure of a single segment would be less severe on the company as a whole. Verizon lists minority interest as a distinct item under operating income with a recorded expense of $6.16 billion. ATT does not list a distinct item, but Note 4 to its financial statements indicate that $256 million of minority interest expense is part of its other income (expense) item. Minority interest expense refers to the share of profit belonging to minority shareholders. In this case, Vodafone owns a 45% interest in Verizon Wireless and receives that share of the generated income. For Verizon, this is a very large amount of income that it could be collecting for itself, if it was to take full control of its wireless subsidiary. If Verizon recognized the full income of its wireless subsidiary, its overall net income would be more competitive with ATT. Also, by giving Vodafone such a large stake in its wireless subsidiary, there is the potential for a futur e takeover. Cash Flow Statement differences In 2008, Verizon recorded $13.6 billion in net cash provided by financing activities, while ATT recorded $4.7 billion in net cash used in financing activities. That is, Verizon acquired net debt in its financing activities, while ATT was able to pay back more financing that it acquired. Because of this, ATT shows more financial solvency than Verizon, as its ability to repay previous financing activities boosts shareholder confidence and enhances its record as a reliable borrowing partner for future financing. Verizons big borrowing introduces significant business risks and a potential for bankruptcy if their operations dont return considerable income. On the other hand, Verizons aggressive financing activities may prove beneficial if it uses the finances to successfully grow its market-share, which would be a threat to ATT. In 2008, Verizon recorded $1.4 billion of purchase of common stock for treasury, while ATT recorded $6.1 billion of the same. The goal of these treasury stoc k repurchases is to increase the value of the shares held by stockholders. Both ATT and Verizon have repurchased shares over the past 5 years, with ATT averaging $4.3 billion in repurchases per year versus Verizons $1.3 billion per year. ATTs consistently larger repurchasing may signify that it views its shares as undervalued, or that it wants to improve its reported earnings-per-share. As noted earlier, ATTs 2008 earnings-per-share were $0.09 lower than Verizons, so this might be a legitimate strategy to attract future stockholder investment. However, the consistent treasury stock repurchases may be a sign that ATT is struggling to obtain legitimate interest from investors, so they are instead just acquiring their own shares to inflate the stocks value.